Influence of deformation zone length on bending radius of SS304 tubes with small diameters manufactured via free bending-based active motion

In three and six-axis free-bending equipment, the deformation zone length(A) is a fixed mechanical structure parameter modified when the relevant structure is redesigned and manufactured. In this study, a six degree of freedom(6-DOF) parallel mechanism was used as the control mechanism of the bending die, and a new method of changing the deformation zone length(A)was proposed. Firstly, an idealized geometric model of free bending-based active motion was established. Then, the influence of the de...     

Information space of sensor networks: Lagrangian,energy-momentum tensor,and applications

It is a challenge to investigate the interrelationship between the geometric structure and performance of sensor networks due to the increasingly complex and diverse architecture of them. This paper presents two new formulations for the information space of sensor networks, including Lagrangian and energy–momentum tensor, which are expected to integrate sensor networks target tracking and performance evaluation from a unified perspective. The proposed method presents two geometric objects to represent the dynamic state and manifold structure of the information space of sensor networks. Based on that, the authors conduct the property analysis and target tracking of sensor networks. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to investigate and analyze the information energy–momentum tensor of sensor networks and evaluate the performance of sensor networks in the context of target tracking. Simulations and examples confirm the competitive performance of the proposed method.     

RP-3航空煤油/正丁醇混合燃料燃烧机理构建及动力学分析

为探究大分子碳氢/小分子醇类燃料氧化机理,明晰航空煤油/生物质替代燃料的燃烧本质,构建并验证了包含173种组份、720步反应的RP-3航空煤油/正丁醇混合燃料反应机理,并对其在压力为0.1MPa、当量比为1.0、温度为1100,1300,1500K条件下进行了化学动力学模拟分析。结果表明：在低温条件下,正丁醇会延长混合燃料着火延迟期,30%的掺醇比使混合燃料着火延迟期延长了101.3μs;烷烃脱氢后的异构体以及裂解后的小分子基元团都随温度的升高而增多,正丁醇的添加对大分子异构化及裂解过程影响较小;温度的升高使除R1（H+O₂=O+OH）外的大部分反应的敏感性系数显著降低并保持在30%以内。而正丁醇的添加使消耗OH,HO₂等物质的反应的敏感性系数提高,也会影响小分子基元团的摩尔分数。     

Low-velocity impact response and infrared radiation characteristics of thermoplastic/thermoset composites

The low-velocity impact response and infrared radiation characteristics of composites have rarely been focused on simultaneously. This study aims to investigate the low-velocity impact response and infrared radiation characteristics of the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polypropylene and carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting epoxy resin laminates wildly used in the aircraft industry. The impact tests were conducted at five energy levels. Characterization parameters such as impact load, displacement, and absorbed energy were measured. The damage evolution and damage modes of the laminates were analyzed through active and passive thermography, ultrasonic C-scan, and optical microscope. The results indicate that Thermosets (TS) laminates exhibit better impact resistance, while Thermoplastics (TP) laminates show higher delamination ductility, and the maximum contact force of TP laminates is much smaller than that of the TS laminates under low-velocity impacts, but the low bending stiffness and low ductility of the TP matrix cause the difference in energy absorption level between the two not significant. The temperature characteristic changes of passive infrared thermography heat maps could characterize the damage mode of the laminates. The correlation between the heat maps and the impact characteristic curves is explained; the fluctuation of the impact characteristic curves is directly related to the hot spot characteristics changes of the heat maps. More frequent curve fluctuations correspond to a larger and brighter hot spot on the heat map, which peaks at the maximum impact load after the impact force versus time curve fluctuation cutoff point, the maximum center displacement of the impact force versus displacement curve, and the maximum absorbed energy of the absorbed energy versus time curve.     

叶顶喷气对凹槽叶尖气动性能的影响

对某型航空发动机高压涡轮转子叶片通过相似变换得到的低速叶型进行研究,探讨叶尖机匣相对运动条件下,叶顶喷气对凹槽叶尖气动性能的影响。结果表明:叶顶喷气对平叶尖的气动性能影响有限,但会降低凹槽叶尖效率;在相同喷气条件下,使用凹槽叶尖相比于使用平叶尖可降低20%的叶尖泄漏损失;泄漏流在凹槽内部的能量耗散主要来自于泄漏流动与凹槽涡和刮削涡的相互作用,在喷气条件下,刮削涡仍然是泄漏流动的主要控制结构。喷气位置对凹槽叶尖性能有显著的的影响;在靠近吸力侧和前缘布置喷气孔,有利于凹槽气动性能的提升;基于以上研究,建立可用于凹槽叶尖的泄漏流动损失模型,新模型相比Denton模型误差降低了31.6%。      

典型激波针减阻降热特性及流动机理

为研究激波针对超/高超声速钝头飞行器进行减阻降热的相关特性,采用数值模拟方法对6种典型激波针构型的流动特征开展系统研究。给出了激波针长度、来流马赫数对流动特征的影响规律,并对其形成机理进行了探讨。结果显示:马赫数较低时,头部有扰流物的5种激波针在回流区即将分裂时减阻率最大;马赫数较高时,减阻率在回流区分裂前后出现局部峰值,但最大减阻率将出现在回流区分裂后更长的激波针长度下。马赫数为3时,6种构型减阻率达最大时的相对长度在0.8~1.2之间,相比而言,球型、半球型和双锥型的减阻效果最好,最大减阻率为45%~50%;圆锥型最差,为20%~25%,明显低于头部有扰流物的构型。相同的激波针长度下,头部有扰流物构型的减阻率随马赫数增大而增大,圆锥型则相反。流场回流区、分离激波、弓形激波、局部膨胀流动等导致的压力分布变化是构型整体阻力变化的主要成因。      

单轴拉伸下HTPB推进剂细观损伤演化实验研究

为了研究HTPB固体推进剂在单轴拉伸载荷下的细观损伤机理,采用高精度微CT对拉伸过程中的HTPB推进剂进行了扫描实验,获取了不同拉伸应变下推进剂的细观损伤形貌以及孔隙率变化规律,分析了推进剂细观损伤对宏观力学性能的影响。结果表明：初始损伤的存在使得推进剂在受到载荷作用时AP颗粒就开始脱湿,AP颗粒脱湿形成的孔洞是推进剂细观损伤的主要形式。拉伸应变较小时,相对小尺寸AP颗粒而言,大尺寸AP颗粒附近的缺陷更容易发展成孔洞。随着拉伸应变的增大,绝大多数AP颗粒都开始脱湿,在推进剂宏观断裂前,大量AP颗粒脱湿形成的孔洞发生汇合,最终使推进剂断裂。加载过程中推进剂孔隙率随拉伸应变呈指数变化,初始孔隙率为1.8%,60%拉伸应变时孔隙率为19.1%。推进剂宏观力学性能处于线弹性段时,其内部细观损伤依旧在不断增加,当细观损伤累积到一定程度时推进剂的承载能力下降,宏观力学性能进入非线性段;由于AP颗粒仍具有一定的增强作用,且HTPB基体也具备承载能力,所以推进剂的应力随拉伸应变呈缓慢增加的趋势。     

大口径长焦距空间相机热门机构方案研究

相机热门是大口径高分辨率空间相机的关键部件。文章概要介绍了空间相机热门机构的组成、工作原理及设计要点。     

航空电磁开放机构开放时间的计算

基于电磁开放机构工作原理 ,建立了电磁开放机构开放时间的数学模型 ,最后给出了减小开放时间的方法。     

Cassini Plasma Spectrometer Investigation

The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) will make comprehensive three-dimensional mass-resolved measurements of the full variety of plasma phenomena found in Saturn’s magnetosphere. Our fundamental scientific goals are to understand the nature of saturnian plasmas primarily their sources of ionization, and the means by which they are accelerated, transported, and lost. In so doing the CAPS investigation will contribute to understanding Saturn’s magnetosphere and its complex interactions with Titan, the icy satellites and rings, Saturn’s ionosphere and aurora, and the solar wind. Our design approach meets these goals by emphasizing two complementary types of measurements: high-time resolution velocity distributions of electrons and all major ion species; and lower-time resolution, high-mass resolution spectra of all ion species. The CAPS instrument is made up of three sensors: the Electron Spectrometer (ELS), the Ion Beam Spectrometer (IBS), and the Ion Mass Spectrometer (IMS). The ELS measures the velocity distribution of electrons from 0.6 eV to 28,250 keV, a range that permits coverage of thermal electrons found at Titan and near the ring plane as well as more energetic trapped electrons and auroral particles. The IBS measures ion velocity distributions with very high angular and energy resolution from 1 eV to 49,800 keV. It is specially designed to measure sharply defined ion beams expected in the solar wind at 9.5 AU, highly directional rammed ion fluxes encountered in Titan’s ionosphere, and anticipated field-aligned auroral fluxes. The IMS is designed to measure the composition of hot, diffuse magnetospheric plasmas and low-concentration ion species 1 eV to 50,280 eV with an atomic resolution M/ΔM ∼70 and, for certain molecules, (such asN ₂ ⁺ and CO⁺), effective resolution as high as ∼2500. The three sensors are mounted on a motor-driven actuator that rotates the entire instrument over approximately one-half of the sky every 3 min.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.